In a sense, Schugel is the man who brought Tanya closest to death, and he is one of the fascinating characters in Saga of Tanya the Evil. There's a fine line between genius and mad, so let's take a look at Schugel and find out if he's a genius or a mad scientist.
Who is Schugel? 
Her real name is Adelheid von Schugel, and she is the chief engineer of the Imperial Army's Technology Development Department. Tanya calls her "Doctor" and thinks she's a mad scientist. That's probably true.
Tanya is a tester helping Shugel develop a dangerous new type of arithmetic orb, and has nearly died many times, so perhaps she understands Shugel's madness even more.
Unable to bear Shugel's bold development experiments without regard for safety, Tanya pleaded for the experiments to be stopped, but her pleas were ignored. Thinking it would be safer on the front lines, she requested a transfer to the Technology Bureau Headquarters. He's the only person Tanya has attempted to escape from without any action. He has absolute confidence in the new technology he developed, and his complete lack of respect for people may make him even more of a freak than Tanya.
Insane Experiment
Lieutenant, can you get any higher?
I instruct Tanya over the line that in theory it's possible to raise the altitude even higher, but Tanya says it's not possible because it's not durable enough for military use. If the orb were to break or burst into flames during the climb, it would result in instant death, so it seems Tanya couldn't give in on this point.
Defective! You're calling my masterpiece defective! Immediately retract your statement!
Tanya, who has no faith in Shugel's developments, denounces the new Calculation Orb as defective. Shugel denies this, but Tanya senses something clearly wrong as it swings around in the air. It eventually explodes, infuriating Tanya.
It's probably because you lack concentration. Are you still a soldier?!
Shugel doesn't even suspect that his development is defective, and he holds Tanya accountable. He has absolute confidence in himself, believes he could never make a mistake, and believes his work is theoretically perfect. Perhaps modest Japanese people would do well to learn this incredible self-confidence. Shugel is a mad scientist, but he's also the Empire's chief engineer. Perhaps this level of self-confidence is essential to pursue something big or to pursue research to the fullest.
Of course, you're not alone. I'm staying put, either.
He's brimming with confidence about an experiment that, if it failed, would blow up the entire laboratory. Even if there's something ulterior motive, I think the title of mad scientist really fits this enthusiasm and boldness to risk his life.
If Schugel's subordinates aren't staying put on orders from their superiors, they haven't evacuated either, so you could say they're also mad scientists.
It's not normal to think that everything will be okay this time after so many explosions.
The God of Invention Has Descended
Schugel, an atheist, completed his research after receiving divine revelation from Entity X. Originally a mad scientist, he also had the added benefit of being a devout believer in God, making him even crazier. However, if he had attempted this experiment without receiving the revelation, Tanya's life may have been saved thanks to Entity X's interference, escaping Schugel's insane development experiments.
Summary
Shugel was a mad scientist, a genius, and a being inspired by God. Even with the interference of Existence X, the power of the Calculation Orb developed at this time allowed him to overcome countless crises, so perhaps he's no match for Shugel.
